Method of riveting and assemblage



June 20, 1950 P. B. KELLER E METHOD OF RIVETING AND ASSEMBLAGE PREPARATORY THEREFOR Filed Aug. 24, 1946 Fig. 2

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 une 20, 1950 P. B. KELLER ETAL 2,511,920

METHOD OF RIVETING ASSEMBLAGE INVENTORG 3 Iq/lrr pamM kfmek wawmzm Patented June 2Q, 1950 Philip B. Keller, Santa Monica, and Donald Jelinek, Los Angeles, Calif., assignors to North American Aviation, Inc.

Application August 24, 1946, Serial No. 692.856

This invention relates to an improved method of riveting and a new and'novel rivet assemblage to be used in connection therewith.

It is an object of this invention to provide a rivet assemblage having high shear and tensile strength, as well as one which may be rapidly applied.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a rivet assemblage having hole filling properties.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a rivet assembly which holds the parts to be fastened together in tightrelationship during the riveting operation.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a method of riveting which is simple and relatively inexpensive but which at the same time obtains superior results.

It is a further. object of this invention to provide a rivet assemblage which does not have to be manufactured to close tolerances but which when applied has all the advantages of rivet assemblages which have. been manufactured to close tolerances. 1

Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, it being clearlyunderstood that the same are by Way of illustrations and example only and that" the spirit and scope of this invention is to be limited only by the terms of the appended claims. I i? Referring to the drawings: 3

Fig. 1- is a cross-sectional view of a rivet in assembled position prior to the riveting operation;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view, similar to Fig. 1, showing the position of the parts at the beginning of the riveting operation;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view, similar to Fig. l, at the completion of the riveting operation;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified rivet;

Fig. 5 is a view, partly in cross-section and partly in elevation, illustrating the assembly at the commencement of the riveting operation;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the modified rivet in fixed position;

Fig. '7 shows a further modification of the method of riveting; and

Fig. 8 shows still a further modification of the method of riveting.

The rivet forming a part of the present invention comprises a malleable steel tubular member I having at one end thereof a head 2 and at the 3 Claims. (Cl. 218-29) other end a projecting portion '3 adapted to receive 'a collar 4 formed of thin-walled malleable steel. r

As shown in Fig. 1 the tubular portion of the rivet is adapted to be placed through aligned openings in members 6 and l which are to be fastened together by the rivet. In the preferred embodiment of the invention the collar 3 is preferably somewhat longer than the projecting portion -3 of the rivetv so as tohold members 8 and I firmly together during the riveting operation,

and particularly during the initial part of such operation. I

Adaptedto be receivedin the hollow portion of'the tubular. member I is a hardened pin 5 of somewhat less length than the tubular portion.

In applying the rivet'to 'member's to be fastened together, the tubular portionl with the hardened pin contained therein is placedthrough aligned openingsinthe members to be fastened. togethensuch as 6 and I. Collar 4 is applied to the projecting portion 3, a bucking bar 8 is held against the head of the'rivet as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and a rivet set 9 applied to the top of the collar 4 to initiallybuckle it into the position shown in Fig. 2 and thence together with the projecting portion 3 into the position shown in Fig. 3. Pin 5 performs the function of holding the rivet inaxial alignment during the driving operation, thus avoiding bulging, misaligningor other deformation. Pin 5 also'serves to bring about the result ofv having therivet expanded'into filling engagme'nt with the openings in members'B and I and may serve as a limiting means for the action of the rivet set. The resulting rivet has been found to develop remarkably high tensile strength.

Referring now to Figs. 4, 5, and 6, tubular member II is provided with a head I2 and a projecting portion I3. A collar, or barreling ring I4, is adapted to be placed on the outside of projecting tubular member II, and hardened pin I5 is adapted to be placed within the hollow portion of tubular member II. This pin is of somewhat less length than such tubular portion.

The method of riveting using this embodiment of rivet comprises placing the tubular member I I containing pin I5 through aligned openings in members I6 and I I which are to be fastened together. Collar I4 is then placed over the projecting portion I3, a bucking bar I8 is applied to the head of the rivet and a rivet set I9 placed on the projecting part of the tubular portion. Force is then applied to the rivet set until the projecting portion is buckled into engagement with the collar I4 as shown in Fig. 6.

In the embodiment of the invention as illustrated in Fig. 7 the plate 26 is of such a thickness that it may be recessed as at 30 to receive the buckled projecting portion 23 of the tubular member 2|. This rivet is similar to the rivet in Fig. 4 and as shown in Fig. -7 is provided with a head 22 and a hardened pin 25 of less length than the tubular portion.

In Fig. 8 the tubular portion 3| of the rivet may be buckled against plate 36 which is to be fastened to plate 31. This rivet is setin the same manner as the rivet in Fig. 4 by applying a bucking bar to head 32 and a rivet set to the top or the rivet. Pin 35 serves as a limiting stop in the same manner as pins l and 25 in Figs. 4 and '7 respectively.

Having described our invention, we claim:

1. The method of riveting which comprises providing a tubularmember with a closed .head at one end, inserting the tubular member through relatively incompressible facially contacting elem-ents to be riveted with the head-engaging one side of one of said elements and the tubular member projecting through the other side of another of said elements, placing a cylindrical collar of greater lengththan the projecting portion of said tubular member around such projecting portion, placing within said tubular member a relatively hard pm of slightly less length than said tubular member, arranging these assembled parts between facially solid pressure elements and .compressing said collar and tubular member ofsaid rivet axially to the extent permitted by said pin so as to result in initially buckling said coll'a'r member until it is of the same height as the projecting portion of said tubular member, and then buckling such projecting portion to the limit of movement perm'itted by contact of the pin with the inner end of the hollowed out portion.

2. The method of riveting which comprises, pro viding a tubular member of malleable material with a head at one end, inserting the tubular member through relatively incompressible elements to be riveted with the head engaging one side of one of said elements and the tubular member projecting through the other "side of another of said elements, placing around the projecting portion of said tubular'member a cylindrical m'al- I leable collar of greater length than 'said'p'rojecting portion, placing within said tubular member a relatively hard pin of slightly less length than the hole in said tubular member, and, while preventing movement of said pin out of either end or 4 said hollow member, stressing said rivet assembly along its longitudinal axis so as to foreshorten and buckle said projecting portion into engagement with said collar to the extent permitted by said pin.

3. An assemblage to be riveted comprising a plurality of plate-members with aligned openings therein and having predetermined thickness, a fastener member comprising a tubular member of :malleable material having a head thereon, said tubular member being received in said aligned openings with the head contacting the external face of one of said plates and with the nonheaded-end of the tubular member projecting be- :yond the opposite external face of the plurality of plates a distance exceeding one half of one diameter of said tubular member, a pin within the hole in said fastener member of slightly less length than the hole in said fastener member, a collar member having an inside diameter slightly greater than'theoutside diameter of said tubular member and alen-gth slightly greater than the distance which saidtubular member projects beyond said plurality of members and with one end abutting one of said plates whereby when axial projecting. portion to thereby form a second head .on'said tubular member while filling and sealing said aligned openings.

, PHILIP B. KELLER. DONALD JELINEK.

' REFERENCES CITED The-following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED 'sfrATEs PATENTS Number 'Nalme Date 180,748 .Bray Aug. '8, 1876 1,914,650 Reutteraa June 20, 1933 4,947,906 Fine Feb. :20, 1934 2,264,747 Fether Dec. 2, 1941 2,355,439 Horton Aug. 8, 1944 2,451,356

Rechton l- Sept. 12, 1948 

